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The modern trend towards miniaturization showed that the substance may have completely new properties, to take a very small particle of the substance. The particles, the size of 1 to 1000 (above 100 nanometers nanoparticles can be called them conditionally) nanometers are commonly referred to as “nanoparticles”. For example, it turned out that Nanoparticle some materials are very good and adsorptive catalytic properties. Other materials show amazing optical properties, such as ultra films of organic materials used to manufacture solar panels. Such batteries, though, and have relatively low quantum efficiency, but more cheap and can be mechanically flexible. Managed to achieve synergies of artificial nanoparticles with natural objects nanorazmerov - proteins, nucleic acids and so thoroughly cleaned, Nanoparticle may samovystraivatsya in certain structures. This structure contains strictly ordered Nanoparticle and also often takes unusual properties. 

Nanoobekty divided into 3 main classes: three-dimensional particles from an explosion conductors, plasma fusion, the restoration of thin films, etc., two-dimensional objects - a film derived molecular naslaivaniya, CVD, ALD, naslaivaniya ion method, etc., one-dimensional objects - viskery, these objects Molecular naslaivaniya obtained, the introduction of substances into the cylindrical micropores, etc. There are also nanocomposites - the introduction of materials received any nanoparticles in the matrix. So far only received extensive application of the method mikrolitografii to receive matrix flat on the surface of objects ostrovkovye size from 50 nanometers, he applied in electronics. CVD and ALD method is mainly used to create micron films. Other methods mainly used for scientific purposes. In particular, it should be noted methods and molecular ion naslaivaniya, because with their help possible to create real monolayer.